Proteomics Measures Which Proteins
Proteomics is a field dedicated to the comprehensive study of protein expression, modifications, interactions, and network formation within biological systems. The primary areas of focus include protein expression, structure, function, interactions, modifications, and quantitative protein analysis.
The following provides an overview of protein types commonly examined in proteomics research:
1. Enzyme Proteins
Enzymes are critical proteins that catalyze biochemical reactions, facilitating essential metabolic pathways within organisms.
2. Signal Transduction Proteins
These proteins mediate the transmission of extracellular signals into cells, initiating complex biological responses.
3. Structural Proteins
Structural proteins, such as actin and tubulin, are integral for maintaining cellular architecture and providing mechanical support.
4. Transport Proteins
Transport proteins facilitate the movement of molecules across cellular compartments and boundaries.
5. Storage Proteins
These proteins are involved in the sequestration of essential ions and molecules, like iron and calcium, for future use.
6. Antibody Proteins
Antibodies are pivotal components of the immune system, capable of identifying and neutralizing pathogens including viruses and bacteria.
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