Articles

• • Protein Lactylation: Principle, Mechanism and Detection

  Discover how protein lactylation, a novel post-translational modification driven by lactate, reshapes our understanding of cellular metabolism, epigenetic regulation, and disease pathways. This article provides a comprehensive overview of its mechanisms, detection methods, and biomedical relevance.

• • Overview of Protein Post-Translational Modifications (PTMs)

  This comprehensive overview explores the biochemical diversity, regulatory logic, and analytical challenges of protein post-translational modifications (PTMs). From canonical marks such as phosphorylation, acetylation, methylation, ubiquitination, and glycosylation to emerging metabolite-derived modifications—including lactylation, β-hydroxybutyrylation, S-glutathionylation, and mitochondria-linked acyl marks—the article explains how each PTM shapes cellular signaling, chromatin dynamics, metabolic adaptati

• • Advantages, Disadvantages and Principle of Edman Sequencing

  Edman degradation sequencing, pioneered in the 1950s by Swedish chemist Pehr Edman, is a classic method for determining protein N-terminal sequences. Under mildly alkaline conditions, phenyl isothiocyanate (PITC) selectively reacts with the free α-amino group at the peptide N-terminus, forming a cyclical phenylthiocarbamoyl derivative soluble in organic solvents. Subsequent acid treatment cleaves the terminal amino acid as a detectable anilinothiazolinone (ATZ) derivative, which—after isomerization under ac