Quantitative Determination of Immunoglobulins
Commonly Used Determination Methods
Quantitative determination of immunoglobulins is essential for evaluating immune function and diagnosing various immunological disorders. Several analytical methods have been widely adopted for this purpose.
1. Nephelometry and Turbidimetry
These two methods rely on the principle that antigen-antibody complexes increase the turbidity of a solution. The concentration of immunoglobulins is quantified by measuring either the intensity of light scattering (nephelometry) or absorbance (turbidimetry) in the reaction mixture.
2. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)
This method utilizes enzyme-conjugated specific antibodies. Upon binding to the target immunoglobulin, the enzyme catalyzes a chromogenic or fluorescent reaction, generating a detectable signal proportional to the amount of the target protein.
3. Immunoelectrophoresis
Employed for both qualitative and quantitative evaluation of immunoglobulin components in serum or other biological fluids, based on their electrophoretic mobility and antigen-antibody reactivity.
These methods enable the quantitative determination of immunoglobulins with high sensitivity and specificity, allowing comprehensive profiling of humoral immune status.
Clinical Applications and Significance
1. Disease Diagnosis
Quantitative determination of immunoglobulins supports the diagnosis and monitoring of a wide range of conditions, including autoimmune disorders, immunodeficiencies, infectious diseases, and certain malignancies.
2. Evaluation of Immune Competence
Measuring immunoglobulin concentrations provides insight into the overall status and functional capacity of an individual’s immune system.
3. Monitoring Disease Activity and Therapeutic Response
In chronic inflammatory diseases and related conditions, fluctuations in immunoglobulin levels can reflect changes in disease activity or indicate the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions. As such, the quantitative determination of immunoglobulins serves as a valuable biomarker for dynamic immune monitoring in clinical practice.
MtoZ Biolabs, an integrated chromatography and mass spectrometry (MS) services provider.
Related Services
How to order?
