Saliva Acid Detection Method

Sialic acid is a general term for a type of 9 carbon sugar found in animal tissues and the glycoproteins and glycolipids on cell surfaces. In biology and clinical medicine, the detection of sialic acid levels is very important for diagnosing certain diseases (such as cancer), monitoring the stability of biomolecules, and drug development. Here are some commonly used methods for detecting sialic acid:

 

Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS)

After derivatizing sialic acid, it can be qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed by GC-MS. This method is highly accurate, but it requires complex sample preparation.

 

Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)

LC-MS/MS has high sensitivity and specificity for analyzing sialic acid in complex samples, and is often used in biomarker research.

 

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)

Sialic acid on the cell surface or in solution can be detected by specific antibodies. This method is simple to operate and suitable for rapid screening.

 

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)

Sialic acid is derivatized before the column, then separated by HPLC and quantified by UV or fluorescence detector.

 

Colorimetric Method

Detection is carried out using sialic acid-specific binding proteins or chemical reagents (such as colchicine). The concentration of sialic acid is estimated by measuring the absorbance of the sample with a photometer.

 

Fluorescent Labeling Method

Sialic acid reacts with a fluorescent labeling reagent and is then detected by a fluorescence photometer or fluorescence microscope. This is suitable for the localization and quantification of sialic acid on the cell surface.

 

The choice of detection method depends on the sample type, required sensitivity and specificity, and experimental conditions. For example, in clinical research, ELISA or colorimetric methods may be preferred because they can quickly process a large number of samples; in research environments with more experimental resources, GC-MS or LC-MS/MS may be better choices as they provide higher accuracy and quantification ability.