Resources

Proteomics Databases



Metabolomics Databases

• • Phosphorylated Protein Western Blot Result Analysis

  Phosphorylated protein western blot result analysis is a multi-step procedure designed to detect and quantify the presence and relative abundance of specific proteins and their phosphorylated forms. Sample Preparation 1. Cell Lysis and Protein Extraction Cells are lysed using a buffer supplemented with phosphatase inhibitors to preserve the phosphorylation state of proteins. 2. Protein Concentration Determination Protein concentration is measured using BCA or Bradford assays to ensure equal protein ........

• • In Vitro Ubiquitination Assay

  Key Steps of In Vitro Ubiquitination Assay An in vitro ubiquitination assay is a reconstituted system that allows precise dissection of ubiquitination events under controlled biochemical conditions. 1. Preparation of the Ubiquitination Reaction Mixture This mixture consists of purified ubiquitin, E1 ubiquitin-activating enzyme, E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme, E3 ubiquitin ligase, and ATP. These components are combined in an appropriate buffer to mimic the intracellular ubiquitination process. 2. Addition..

• • Sugar Structures

  Monosaccharides Monosaccharides represent the most fundamental form of carbohydrates in sugar structures and cannot be further hydrolyzed into simpler sugar units. Common examples include glucose and fructose. 1. Glucose (1) Molecular formula: C₆H₁₂O₆ (2) Structural characteristics: A six-carbon sugar (hexose) that typically exists in a cyclic form, most often as a six-membered ring (pyranose structure). The configuration of the hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to the first carbon atom determines whether the..

• • Method for Inferring Nucleotide Sequence from Amino Acid Sequence

  If the amino acid sequence is known, the corresponding nucleotide sequence can be inferred through the following approaches: 1. Database Query Databases such as the NCBI Protein database allow users to search by amino acid sequence to identify the corresponding protein. Once the correct protein entry is located, associated nucleotide information—such as the mRNA or genomic DNA sequence—can typically be retrieved via linked annotations or related records. 2. Reverse Translation Online tools or specialized...

• • Antibody Sequence Analysis Tools

  A wide range of computational tools have been developed for antibody sequence analysis, enabling comprehensive interpretation of amino acid sequences alongside structural and functional insights. These tools are extensively applied in bioinformatics and immunological research. The following summarizes several widely used antibody sequence analysis tools: 1. IMGT/HighV-QUEST IMGT/HighV-QUEST is a high-throughput sequence analysis platform provided by the international ImMunoGeneTics information system.......

• • Fast Protein Liquid Chromatography

  Liquid Chromatography (LC) is an essential analytical technique for the separation of complex mixtures, widely utilized in biochemical and molecular biology research. Fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC) is a specialized form of LC tailored for the purification of proteins with high efficiency and resolution. Working Principle Fast protein liquid chromatography operates on the principle of adsorption chromatography. Samples are introduced into a chromatography column packed with a stationary phase.....

• • Determination of Hyaluronic Acid Molecular Weight

  The determination of hyaluronic acid molecular weight is essential for evaluating its physicochemical properties and biomedical applications. Several analytical techniques are commonly employed to measure the molecular weight of high-molecular-weight polymers such as hyaluronic acid. The most frequently used methods include Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC), Static Light Scattering (SLS), and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), each offering distinct analytical strengths depending on the specific ........

• • SDS-PAGE Gel Electrophoresis for Protein Molecular Weight Determination

  SDS-PAGE gel electrophoresis for protein molecular weight determination is a widely used technique based on the principle that proteins, when treated with SDS, migrate through a polyacrylamide gel at rates inversely proportional to their molecular weights. SDS, or sodium dodecyl sulfate, is an anionic surfactant that binds uniformly to polypeptide chains, linearizing the protein structure and imparting a consistent negative charge. This enables size-based separation of proteins under an applied electric....

• • Evaluation of Drug Quality Using Infrared Spectrum Functional Group Analysis Reference Table

  Ensuring the quality and efficacy of biopharmaceuticals is a critical challenge in the development and manufacturing of biologic drugs designed to treat a wide range of diseases. To address this challenge, precise and robust analytical tools are required. Among these, the infrared spectrum functional group analysis reference table has emerged as a widely adopted method for characterizing molecular structures in pharmaceutical quality assessment. Overview of the Infrared Spectrum Functional Group Analysis...

• • Determination of the Ratio of Type I Collagen to Type III Collagen

  Collagen is the most abundant protein in the human body, and the determination of the ratio of type I collagen to type III collagen is critical for understanding tissue structure and function. Collagen is widely distributed across tissues such as skin, bones, tendons, blood vessels, and teeth. Among its multiple isoforms, Type I and Type III collagen are the most prevalent, each contributing uniquely to mechanical strength and tissue elasticity. How Is the Ratio of Type I Collagen to Type III Collagen......