Resources

Proteomics Databases



Metabolomics Databases

• • C-Terminal Amino Acid Analysis

  C-terminal amino acid analysis is a technique employed to specifically recognize and identify the C-terminal (carboxyl-terminal) amino acid sequence in proteins or polypeptides. Unlike N-terminal amino acid analysis, which focuses on one end of the protein chain, C-terminal analysis centers on the opposite end, which is crucial for protein function, stability, and molecular interactions. In biological and biochemical studies, understanding the C-terminal structure of proteins can reveal their cellular......

• • Tandem MS Peptide Sequencing

  Tandem MS peptide sequencing is an advanced analytical technique utilized for elucidating protein amino acid sequences. This method integrates liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry to conduct multiple rounds of mass analysis on peptide fragments, thereby enabling precise sequencing within complex samples. In proteomics, tandem MS peptide sequencing is invaluable for providing primary structural information of proteins, such as amino acid sequences, which aids in elucidating the functions, intera......

• • N-Terminal Residue Analysis

  The primary objective of N-terminal residue analysis is to determine and evaluate the N-terminal amino acid sequence of proteins. The N-terminus, or the first amino acid in a protein chain, plays a pivotal role in influencing the overall structure and functionality of the protein. Modifications at this terminal, such as N-terminal formylation, acetylation, or other covalent alterations, frequently occur during protein synthesis and processing within organisms. These modifications can impact a protein'......

• • Peptide Characterization Techniques

  Peptide characterization techniques play a pivotal role in modern biological research and applications, encompassing fields such as proteomics, drug development, biomarker discovery, and disease diagnosis. In proteomics, these techniques are instrumental in analyzing peptides produced by protein degradation, facilitating the detailed characterization of protein structure and function. This understanding provides insights into the complex biochemical processes occurring within organisms. In drug develo......

• • Analysis of Protein-Ligand Interactions by Fluorescence Polarization

  The analysis of protein-ligand interactions by fluorescence polarization is a widely employed technique that enables the real-time quantification of binding interactions in biological systems without perturbing their integrity. This method is based on the principle that the fluorescence polarization of a system changes when a fluorescently labeled ligand binds to a target protein, thereby providing a direct measure of the interaction. Fluorescence polarization (FP) leverages the rotational dynamics of......

• • Analytical Methods for Physicochemical Characterization of Antibody-Drug Conjugates

  The analytical methods for physicochemical characterization of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) primarily encompass high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), mass spectrometry (MS), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). ADCs integrate the precise targeting capability of monoclonal antibodies with the potent cytotoxicity of small-molecule drugs. By harnessing the targeting specificity of antibodies, ADCs ensure the selective delivery of drugs to cancerous or d......

• • Kinase Profile

  The kinase profile represents an integrated dataset describing the activity, expression levels, substrate specificity, and interactions of various kinases within specific cells, tissues, or biological samples. Kinases, as enzymes catalyzing the transfer of phosphate groups from high-energy donor molecules like ATP to target substrate proteins, play pivotal roles in cellular processes by modulating substrate phosphorylation. This regulation underpins critical functions such as signal transduction, cell......

• • Advances and Applications in Biopharmaceutical Analysis Techniques

  Biopharmaceuticals, derived from biotechnology and bioengineering, are primarily composed of biological macromolecules. These include protein drugs, nucleic acid drugs, gene therapy drugs, and cell therapy drugs. Due to their distinct advantages, biopharmaceuticals are increasingly capturing a significant share of the global pharmaceutical market. Consequently, analytical techniques specific to biopharmaceuticals are also evolving and improving.

• • MALDI MS

  MALDI MS is widely used across fields such as biochemistry, medicine, and materials science. As a soft ionization technique, MALDI MS is highly effective in analyzing large biomolecules like proteins, peptides, carbohydrates, and polymers. The key to this method lies in the matrix molecules absorbing laser energy, which triggers desorption and ionization of the sample's macromolecules. During MALDI MS, the sample and matrix co-crystallize, and laser irradiation causes the matrix to absorb energy, lead......

• • Edman Sequencing for Protein Analysis

  Edman sequencing is a chemical method used to determine the amino acid sequence of proteins and peptides. Developed by Pehr Edman in the 1950s, this technique revolutionized protein sequencing by allowing sequential identification of N-terminal amino acids. The fundamental principle of Edman sequencing involves the reaction of phenyl isothiocyanate (PITC) with the N-terminal amino acid under alkaline conditions, forming a cyclic intermediate. Under acidic conditions, this intermediate undergoes cleava......