Resources

Proteomics Databases



Metabolomics Databases

• • Comprehensive Guide to Activity-Based Protein Profiling (ABPP): Principles and Applications

  Conventional proteomic strategies such as data-dependent acquisition (DDA) and tandem mass tag (TMT) labeling focus primarily on quantifying protein expression levels, yet they often overlook the actual functional status of proteins. Activity-Based Protein Profiling (ABPP), a function-oriented proteomic technology, offers a novel approach to identifying functionally active proteins through selective labeling using chemical probes. MtoZ Biolabs is a pioneer in integrating ABPP with high-resolution mass......

• • How to Analyze Exosome Purification Quality?

  Exosomes are extracellular vesicles with diameters of approximately 30–150 nm, secreted by a variety of cell types. They play essential roles in intercellular communication and pathological regulation, particularly in research on cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and immunology. However, extraction approaches such as ultracentrifugation, polymer-based precipitation, and size-exclusion chromatography frequently introduce protein impurities, lipoproteins, or non-exosomal EVs, which can markedly compro......

• • What Is Membrane Protein Identification?

  Membrane protein identification aims to systematically characterize and quantify cell membrane–associated proteins, including their types, expression levels, and functional attributes. Membrane proteins play central roles in cellular communication, signal transduction, molecular transport, and the regulation of pathological processes. Research in this field has directly contributed to advances in drug discovery, disease diagnosis, and target validation. However, due to their unique physicochemical pro......

• • How to Prevent Non-specific Binding in Co-IP Assays?

  Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) is a classical technique widely employed to study protein–protein interactions. However, non-specific binding frequently interferes with the assay, resulting in false-positive signals and compromising the reliability of the data. Achieving highly specific and high-signal-to-noise Co-IP results requires rigorous experimental design, optimized conditions, and strict control of experimental variables. This article systematically describes effective strategies to minimize no......

• • How to Choose the Right Antibody for Co-IP Assays?

  In life sciences research, elucidating protein–protein interactions (PPIs) is crucial for understanding cellular signaling pathways, disease mechanisms, and the identification of potential drug targets. Among the classical approaches for studying PPIs, co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) is widely employed owing to its simplicity and strong specificity. However, the success of a Co-IP experiment critically depends on one key factor, the choice of antibody. An appropriate antibody determines not only the en......

• • TMT MS3 and SPS-MS3: How to Mitigate Ratio Compression and Enhance Quantitative Accuracy

  In tandem mass tag (TMT)-based multiplexed proteomics, researchers frequently encounter a critical issue known as ratio compression. During MS1 acquisition, co-elution of homologous peptides from different samples and interference from co-isolated background ions often lead to dilution of reporter ion intensities, thereby underestimating the true abundance differences. To address this challenge, both instrument manufacturers and methodological researchers have developed TMT MS3 and Synchronous Precurs......

• • What Is Olink Proteomics ?

  Proteins are the fundamental effectors of biological processes, playing central roles in activities ranging from signal transduction to metabolic regulation. In basic research, the investigation of disease mechanisms and biomarker discovery, proteomics has become an indispensable and powerful analytical approach. However, mass spectrometry-based proteomics (e.g., DDA/DIA) still faces several challenges, including: (1) Limited Sensitivity: difficulty in detecting low-abundance cytokines or extracellula......

• • What Are the Best Software Tools for Shotgun Proteomics Analysis?

  In shotgun proteomics, the large number of tandem mass spectra (MS/MS) generated by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) represent only the raw experimental data. Accurate protein identification, reliable quantification, and in-depth functional annotation and pathway analysis all depend on a scientifically rigorous and well-structured data analysis workflow. To achieve this, researchers rely on a suite of specialized bioinformatics tools and software platforms that span multiple a......

• • How to Enrich Membrane Proteins: What Are the Most Effective Methods?

  Membrane proteins play a pivotal role as mediators linking intracellular and extracellular signaling pathways, representing over 30% of the human proteome and encompassing numerous pharmaceutical targets, including GPCRs, ion channels, and receptors. However, due to their high hydrophobicity, poor solubility, and generally low expression levels, membrane proteins are often underrepresented in proteomic analyses. Thus, the membrane protein enrichment is a crucial prerequisite for comprehensive and high......

• • How to Extract Membrane Proteins Using CNBr Cleavage Protocols?

  Membrane proteins, characterized by strong hydrophobicity, complex three-dimensional conformations, and low abundance within cellular membranes, present substantial challenges in proteomic investigations. Conventional trypsin digestion often exhibits poor efficiency in membrane protein samples, resulting in low identification rates and poor reproducibility. In contrast, the cyanogen bromide (CNBr) cleavage method, owing to its specific recognition of methionine (Met) residues and cleavage at their C-t......