Resources

Proteomics Databases



Metabolomics Databases

• • High‑Throughput Glycan Analysis as a Critical Tool in Biologics Manufacturing

  In the manufacturing of biologics, high-throughput glycan analysis has become a critical component for ensuring product quality and batch-to-batch consistency. Glycosylation, one of the most structurally complex post-translational modifications of proteins, plays a decisive role in determining the efficacy, safety, and stability of biopharmaceutical products. Under commercial manufacturing conditions, conventional low-throughput and labor-intensive glycan analysis methods are increasingly inadequate f......

• • Mechanism and Advantages of Tandem Mass Tag (TMT) Technology

  In modern proteomics research, achieving accurate quantitative comparisons across multiple samples while maintaining high throughput and sensitivity remains a central challenge. Tandem Mass Tag (TMT) technology, with its multiplex labeling capability and precise quantitation, has emerged as one of the most widely adopted strategies in relative quantitative proteomics. Principle of TMT Technology: Achieving Accurate Multi-Sample Quantitation TMT is an isotope-coded chemical tag that labels peptides de......

• • Advantages and Disadvantages of High-throughput PPI Detection

  Protein-Protein Interactions (PPIs) are central to biological processes such as intracellular signal transduction, metabolic regulation, and transcriptional control. With the rapid advancement of systems biology, the demand for high-throughput PPI detection techniques has grown significantly. These approaches not only elucidate dynamic interactions in complex biological systems but also facilitate drug target discovery, disease mechanism analysis, and functional annotation. Currently, commonly employe......

• • Guide to Subcellular Proteomics: From Basic Concepts to Applications

  Cells are highly organized biological systems in which distinct organelles, including mitochondria, the endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi apparatus, and lysosomes, perform specialized functions. While conventional proteomics enables comprehensive profiling of proteins in whole cells or tissues, it often fails to address a fundamental question: the precise intracellular localization of individual proteins. This limitation has led to the development of subcellular proteomics, which focuses not only on pr......

• • Subcellular Structure & Organelle Proteomics

  Cells are not only the fundamental units of life but also highly organized systems with well-defined structural and functional compartmentalization. Each organelle executes specialized biological functions within distinct spatial domains. Processes such as mitochondrial energy metabolism and protein modification within the Golgi apparatus critically depend on the precise subcellular localization and tightly regulated expression of specific proteins. As proteomics technologies continue to advance, conv......

• • Glycoprotein Characterization Methods by Mass Spectrometry

  Glycosylation is among the most complex and prevalent post-translational modifications of proteins and plays critical roles in a wide range of biological processes, including protein folding, signal transduction, intercellular recognition, and disease pathogenesis. In pathological conditions such as cancer, autoimmune disorders, and viral infections, glycoproteins often exhibit disease-specific alterations in glycosylation patterns, making them important targets for biomarker discovery and targeted dr......

• • Analysis of Glycosylation Sites

  Glycosylation is one of the most prevalent and functionally diverse post-translational modifications of proteins. It plays critical roles in regulating protein stability, cell signaling, immune recognition, and a wide range of other biological processes. Comprehensive characterization of glycosylation sites and their associated glycan structures is essential for elucidating disease mechanisms, identifying reliable biomarkers, and rationally designing therapeutic proteins. However, due to the pronounce......

• • WB-Based Exosome Verification

  Exosomes are small membrane-bound vesicles with diameters ranging from approximately 30 to 150 nm. They are secreted by diverse cell types via the endosomal-lysosomal pathway and are widely distributed in biological fluids, including blood, urine, saliva, and cerebrospinal fluid. In recent years, exosomes have attracted increasing attention due to their important roles in intercellular communication as well as their potential applications in disease diagnosis and therapeutic targeting. Given the subst......

• • What to Consider When Choosing an MS Platform for Membrane Protein Identification?

  Membrane proteins play essential roles in cellular signal transduction, molecular transport, and immune recognition. Nevertheless, their pronounced hydrophobicity, low abundance, and complex structural features have long posed significant challenges for isolation and identification in proteomics research.  However, substantial differences exist among MS platforms with respect to achievable proteome depth, sensitivity, throughput, and reproducibility. Technical Challenges in Membrane Protein Research ......

• • What Are the Quantitative Methods for Proteomics?

  Quantitative proteomics is a central analytical approach for investigating changes in protein expression and the underlying regulatory mechanisms. In recent years, this field has rapidly evolved to encompass a broad range of high-resolution and high-sensitivity strategies. A clear understanding of the available protein quantification methods, their suitable experimental contexts, and appropriate selection criteria is therefore essential. In the following sections, we systematically summarize the major......