Resources
Proteomics Databases
Metabolomics Databases
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• Glycoproteomics in Neuroscience
Glycoproteins are broadly expressed in the nervous system and are involved in critical processes including neuronal development, synapse formation, cell recognition, and signal transduction. Advances in glycoproteomics technologies now allow researchers to systematically profile glycosylation on neuronal surface and secreted proteins. This enables deeper insights into brain functional regulation and reveals the molecular basis of numerous neurological disorders. Functional Roles of Glycoproteins in t......
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• Tools for Glycopeptide Quantitation
Glycosylation, one of the most common and functionally diverse post-translational modifications, plays crucial roles in biological processes such as tumor immunity, infection response, and signal transduction. Glycopeptide quantitation reveals dynamic changes in glycosylation under disease conditions, providing important insights for mechanistic studies and biomarker discovery. However, the complexity, low abundance, and structural heterogeneity of glycopeptides pose significant challenges for data an......
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• Overview of Labeling-Based Strategies for Quantitative Glycoproteomics
Glycoproteins are widely present on the surfaces and in the extracellular environment of mammalian cells, playing central roles in cell recognition, signal transduction, and immune responses. Dynamic glycosylation changes are closely associated with various diseases, particularly tumors, neurodegenerative disorders, and inflammatory responses, where glycoprotein expression and function exhibit substantial heterogeneity. Therefore, high-throughput quantification of the glycoproteome is crucial for gain......
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• Principles and Techniques of Quantitative Glycoproteomics Analysis
Glycosylation is a highly structured and dynamic protein post-translational modification (PTM) widely present in secreted and membrane proteins, involved in numerous biological processes including cell recognition, signal transduction, and immune regulation. Glycoproteomics enables systematic identification and quantification of glycoproteins and their glycosylation sites, revealing functional differences in health and disease, and is increasingly recognized as a critical tool in precision medicine an......
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• Integrated iTRAQ with LC-MS/MS Workflow for Quantitative Proteomics
The advancement of proteomics depends on quantitative strategies that are high-throughput, accurate, and reproducible. Particularly when comparing protein expression across multiple biological states, such as disease models, pharmacological interventions, or developmental stages, stable isotope labeling approaches offer distinct advantages. Among these, the iTRAQ (Isobaric Tags for Relative and Absolute Quantitation)-LC-MS/MS-based quantitative workflow is widely adopted in quantitative proteomics owi......
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In modern life sciences research, quantitative proteomics serves as a central tool for elucidating disease mechanisms, identifying biomarkers, and evaluating therapeutic interventions. Among available quantitative strategies, Tandem Mass Tag (TMT) technology is distinguished by its high throughput, multiplexing capability, and quantitative accuracy, and has been widely adopted in both basic research and translational medicine. For many investigators, the major challenges of TMT experiments extend beyo......
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• How Does Mass Spectrometry Work in Subcellular Proteomics?
With the rapid advancement of systems biology, subcellular proteomics has increasingly illuminated the complex spatial functional networks within cells. In contrast to global proteomics, subcellular proteomics focuses on the expression, localization, and interaction states of proteins within specific organelles or functional microstructures, thereby providing higher-resolution biological insights. Among the available analytical approaches, mass spectrometry (MS) serves as a central driving force in th......
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• Principles and Key Techniques of Disulfide Bond Mapping Analysis
In proteins, particularly therapeutic protein products such as monoclonal antibodies, fusion proteins, and enzymes, disulfide bonds are critical covalent linkages that maintain three-dimensional structure and functional activity. The correctness of disulfide bond connectivity is directly associated with protein folding efficiency, structural stability, immunogenicity, and even pharmacological efficacy. During recombinant expression and formulation development, disulfide bonds may undergo mispairing, c......
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• How to Detect Protein Acetylation Using Mass Spectrometry?
Protein acetylation is one of the earliest discovered and most extensively studied forms of acylation, particularly lysine acetylation (Kac). It is widely present in nuclear, cytoplasmic, and mitochondrial proteins and plays critical roles in transcriptional regulation, chromatin remodeling, and metabolic control. With the advancement of mass spectrometry (MS) technologies, researchers can now perform high-throughput, quantitative, and site-specific analyses of acetylation at the proteome-wide level. ......
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• Technical Analysis of Labeling-Based Quantitative Phosphoproteomics
Protein phosphorylation is a critical post-translational modification (PTM) that plays essential roles in cellular signal transduction, cell cycle regulation, and metabolic homeostasis. In pathological conditions, alterations in phosphorylation sites often precede detectable changes in total protein expression levels, thereby providing important insights into disease mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets. However, phosphorylation is characterized by high dynamics, low stoichiometry, and suscept......
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