Resources
Proteomics Databases
Metabolomics Databases
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• How to Obtain Comprehensive Protein Information Through de Novo Sequencing
The goal of de novo sequencing is to analyze the complete amino acid sequence of proteins from mass spectrometry data without bias, including information about mutations, post-translational modifications (PTMs), and isoforms. In order to obtain a comprehensive understanding of protein information, strategies such as optimizing sample preparation, using advanced mass spectrometry techniques, applying multiple fragmentation modes, utilizing intelligent data analysis, and performing PTM analysis must be ......
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N-terminal sequencing is a widely employed technique for determining the amino acid sequence of proteins. It plays a crucial role in proteomics, molecular biology, and biopharmaceutical research by elucidating protein structural characteristics, modifications, and post-translational processing. The primary methods used for N-terminal sequencing include Edman degradation, a classical chemical approach, and mass spectrometry, a modern analytical technique. These two methods differ markedly in their unde......
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• Studying Protein-Protein Interactions
Studying protein-protein interactions is a critical research area in both biology and medicine, aimed at understanding the mechanisms of interactions between proteins and their roles in various biological processes. As fundamental biomolecules, proteins perform diverse functions within and outside cells. However, individual proteins often cannot achieve their biological functions independently. Therefore, studying protein-protein interactions is essential for gaining insights into the complex molecula......
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• Measuring Protein-Protein Interactions
Measuring protein-protein interactions is a crucial technique in biochemistry and molecular biology, used to explore how proteins interact and to elucidate their roles within the cell. This approach enhances our understanding of cellular signal transduction, metabolic pathways, gene expression regulation, and the molecular mechanisms underlying various diseases. As proteins are essential for life processes, they often require interactions with other proteins or biomolecules to function optimally. Such......
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• Fluorescence Polarization Protein-Protein Interaction
Fluorescence polarization protein-protein interaction is a widely used technique for studying protein interactions by detecting changes in fluorescence polarization. When plane-polarized light of a specific wavelength excites a fluorescent molecule, the emitted fluorescence retains a degree of polarization, which is influenced by the rotational mobility of the molecule. Larger molecular complexes exhibit slower rotational motion and higher fluorescence polarization, while smaller molecules rotate fast......
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PTM analysis refers to studying various types, sites, extents, and functional impacts of these modifications. Once proteins are synthesized, PTMs can alter their structure and function by adding chemical groups, cleaving, or modifying the protein backbone. This regulates protein activity, localization, stability, and interactions with other molecules. For instance, phosphorylation may activate or inhibit enzymatic activity, while ubiquitination generally relates to protein degradation. PTM analysis pr......
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LC-MS/MS MRM integrates liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry technologies for the quantitative and qualitative analysis of multiple components within complex samples. The MRM mode is a highly selective scan mode of mass spectrometry, capable of reliably detecting target compounds within complex matrices. LC-MS/MS MRM is extensively utilized in areas such as drug metabolism research, environmental monitoring, food safety testing, and biomarker identification. In drug metabolism studies, it measu......
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• Co-Immunoprecipitation Analysis
Co-immunoprecipitation analysis is a robust experimental technique employed to investigate protein-protein interactions. This methodology enables researchers to selectively isolate and enrich specific protein complexes from complex biological samples. Fundamentally, co-immunoprecipitation analysis leverages specific antibodies for the recognition and binding of target proteins, which are subsequently separated from the solution along with their interacting partners using a solid-phase carrier, such as......
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SDS-PAGE quantification builds upon this principle by applying specialized imaging technologies and software to quantitatively analyze proteins. This technique offers precise measurements of protein concentration and purity, which are essential during protein expression and purification processes. SDS-PAGE quantification enables researchers to determine protein concentrations post-separation, facilitating comprehensive functional and structural analyses. It also plays a critical role in proteomics res......
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SDS-PAGE gel image analysis is a technique used to separate and analyze protein samples. Known fully as Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis, SDS-PAGE separates proteins by molecular weight under an electric field. Proteins are denatured in the presence of SDS, which allows them to migrate through the gel based solely on size, irrespective of their shape or charge. This process results in protein bands that are visualized using staining techniques such as Coomassie Brilliant Blue ......
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