Resources

Proteomics Databases



Metabolomics Databases

• • Proteomics Sequencing Analysis

  Proteomics sequencing analysis is a comprehensive technique used to investigate the expression, function, and interactions of the complete set of proteins within a biological sample. As a core methodology in modern molecular biology, proteomics sequencing analysis enables researchers to gain deeper insights into the proteomic composition of cells and the biological processes in which these proteins participate. This process involves the extraction, separation, identification, and quantitative measurement...

• • Determination of Protein Hydrophobicity

  The determination of protein hydrophobicity is an experimental approach used to analyze and quantify hydrophobic regions within protein molecules. Hydrophobicity refers to the tendency of certain amino acid residues in proteins to avoid interaction with water molecules. This property plays a critical role in protein structure formation and biological function, as it facilitates correct protein folding in aqueous environments and influences protein–protein interactions. Importance of Hydrophobicity..........

• • Analysis of Protein Secondary Structure

  Secondary structure analysis of proteins refers to the local spatial arrangement of amino acid residues within the protein chain. It consists of structural motifs such as α-helices, β-sheets, β-turns, and random coils. Techniques for Analyzing Protein Secondary Structure 1. Circular Dichroism (CD) Circular dichroism is a widely used technique for secondary structure analysis of proteins. It is based on the characteristic differential absorption of circularly polarized light by various secondary structural..

• • Introduction to Amino Acid Sequence Homology Alignment Analysis

  Amino acid sequence homology alignment analysis is a widely used approach in molecular biology for comparing the amino acid sequences of two or more proteins. This analysis provides insights into the structural, functional, and evolutionary relationships among members of a protein family. The fundamental steps involved in conducting amino acid sequence homology alignment analysis are as follows: Tool Selection Widely used tools for amino acid sequence alignment include BLAST (particularly BLASTP), .........

• • Protein Expression Level Determination

  Protein expression level determination is a crucial step in biomedical research, involving the identification and quantification of proteins within cells or tissues. Such information is essential for elucidating biological processes, understanding disease mechanisms, exploring mechanisms of drug action, and advancing biotechnological applications. A variety of techniques can be employed to assess protein expression levels, including but not limited to the following: Western Blot 1. Principle: This .........

• • Normal Ranges for Quantitative Determination of Immunoglobulins

  Quantitative determination of immunoglobulins is a standard method for assessing serum concentrations of immunoglobulin isotypes, including IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE, and IgD. This assay is widely used to evaluate an individual’s immunological status. The normal ranges for quantitative determination of immunoglobulins may vary depending on age and health condition. The following ranges represent typical values observed in healthy adults; however, it is important to note that specific reference intervals may.......

• • Antibody Molecular Weight Determination: Methods, Advantages, and Applications II

  Antibodies represent one of the most essential classes of protein molecules in contemporary biomedical research and development, with wide-ranging applications in diagnostics, therapeutics, and vaccine engineering. Precise determination of antibody molecular weight not only facilitates the assessment of structural integrity and purity, but also plays a pivotal role in quality control and structural characterization. This article systematically reviews the prevailing techniques for antibody molecular .......

• • Protein Molecular Weight Determination: 10 Steps You Should Follow II

  Protein molecular weight (MW) is a critical parameter for understanding a protein’s structure, function, and its state of complex assembly. Whether the goal is to verify the correct expression of a recombinant protein or to determine the subunit composition of a protein complex, precise molecular weight determination is a fundamental step. This article outlines ten essential steps for accurate protein molecular weight determination, aiming to help researchers optimize their experimental design and improve..

• • N and C Terminal Amino Acid Sequence Analysis

  In complex biomacromolecules such as proteins, the N-terminus (amino terminus) and C-terminus (carboxyl terminus) are not merely structural "start and end points"; rather, they play crucial roles in molecular recognition, subcellular localization, regulatory processes, and degradation pathways. With the rapid advancement of the fields of proteomics and biopharmaceuticals, the analysis of N- and C-terminal amino acid sequences has become not only a critical entry point for understanding protein function.....

• • Applications and Challenges of Edman Sequencing in Proteomics

  Edman sequencing is a classical chemical method for determining the amino acid sequence at the N-terminus of proteins or peptides, providing direct evidence for primary structure analysis. While mass spectrometry (MS) has become the dominant approach in proteomics, Edman degradation remains essential for specific tasks such as structural validation, verification of translation initiation sites, and complementary analysis to MS. Owing to its high accuracy and independence from sequence databases, the .......