Resources

• • Workflow of Differential Protein Analysis

  Sample Preparation The workflow of differential protein analysis starts with sample preparation, a critical step to ensure accurate results. Depending on the biological samples, such as tissue or cells, proteins are extracted and prepared under identical conditions to avoid any experimental bias. This phase often involves lysis, protein solubilization, and reduction/alkylation of disulfide bonds, ensuring proteins are ready for further analysis.   Protein Separation Once proteins are extracted, they m......

• • Application of Differential Protein Analysis

  Differential protein analysis enables researchers to compare protein expression levels under different physiological or pathological conditions, identifying proteins that show differential expression. This technique aids in the understanding of complex biological processes.   At the core of differential protein analysis is the detection and quantification of protein expression differences between various samples. Typically, these samples represent distinct biological states, such as healthy versus dis......

• • Application of Proteomics Data Quality Metrics

  Proteomics focuses on the systematic study of protein expression, function, and interactions within biological systems. The application of proteomics data quality metrics has thus become a critical tool to assess and ensure the validity and reproducibility of experimental outcomes. Proteomics research presents numerous challenges due to the complexity and variability of the data, which includes peptide spectra, protein identification, and quantitative analyses from mass spectrometry (MS).

• • Principle of Differential Protein Analysis

  Differential protein analysis (DPA) is a key methodology in proteomics used to investigate changes in protein expression between different biological conditions or samples. In recent years, DPA has been widely applied in areas such as disease research, drug discovery, and biomarker identification.    Principles of Differential Protein Analysis 1. Sample Preparation and Protein Extraction DPA typically begins with a comparison of samples taken from distinct experimental groups, such as normal versus di......

• • Workflow of Proteomics Data Quality Assessment

  Proteomics is a technique used to comprehensively analyze the entire set of proteins in a cell, tissue, or organism. Proteomics datasets often contain substantial amounts of noise, redundancy, and systematic biases. If left unchecked, these issues can lead to incorrect data interpretation. The primary goal of data quality assessment is to filter out inaccurate and low-quality protein identifications and quantifications, ensuring that research findings are based on robust data.

• • Mechanism of GO Functional Annotation and Enrichment Analysis

  Gene Ontology (GO) serves as a standardized framework in bioinformatics to describe gene functions and their products. It is extensively applied in gene function annotation and enrichment analysis, offering researchers insights into the functional distributions of gene sets across biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions, thus revealing the structure of gene regulatory networks.

• • Workflow of GO Functional Annotation and Enrichment Analysis

  Gene Ontology (GO) serves as a fundamental tool in bioinformatics for systematically describing the functions of gene products across three levels: Biological Process (BP), Cellular Component (CC), and Molecular Function (MF). GO functional annotation and enrichment analysis rely on the GO database to identify and interpret the functional trends and significance of gene sets within specific biological contexts.

• • Application of GO Functional Annotation and Enrichment Analysis

  Gene Ontology (GO) serves as a foundational tool in bioinformatics, providing researchers with a systematic framework for describing the functions of genes and their products. GO functional annotation classifies gene products into three dimensions: Biological Process (BP), Cellular Component (CC), and Molecular Function (MF), facilitating a deeper understanding of gene roles within cellular activities.

• • Principle of GO Functional Annotation and Enrichment Analysis

  Gene Ontology (GO) is a critical tool in biological research for describing the functions of genes and gene products. With the advancement of high-throughput sequencing technologies, researchers are faced with vast amounts of genetic data. GO functional annotation and enrichment analysis have become essential methods for revealing gene functions, elucidating biological processes, and predicting gene regulatory networks.

• • Advantages and Limitations of GO Functional Annotation and Enrichment Analysis

  Gene Ontology (GO) provides a standardized vocabulary for describing gene and protein functions, structured around three main domains: Biological Process (BP), Molecular Function (MF), and Cellular Component (CC). In bioinformatics analyses, GO functional annotation and enrichment analysis serve as crucial tools for understanding genomic data, enabling researchers to uncover the potential biological functions of genes and proteins.