Resources

• • Quantitative Analysis of Exosomal Proteins by LC-MS/MS

  Exosomes are small vesicles with a diameter of 30 to 150 nanometers that can be secreted by various cell types. They play a key role in physiological and pathological processes, such as intercellular communication, immune regulation, and tumor metastasis. Due to their widespread distribution in the body and their cargo of proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, exosomes reflect the state of their parent cells, making them potential biomarkers and drug delivery systems.

• • Subcellular Fractionation for Proteomics Analysis

  Subcellular fractionation is a crucial technique in biological research, especially in proteomics, where it allows the separation of distinct subcellular components from whole cells. With the advancement of proteomics, subcellular fractionation has become instrumental in analyzing the protein composition, localization, and functions of various organelles.

• • Subcellular Proteomics Analysis Based on UHPLC-MS

  Subcellular proteomics is a branch of science that investigates the composition, modifications, and dynamic changes of proteins in specific subcellular structures. This technology is critical for elucidating the roles of organelles in cellular function, as well as the distribution, function, and interactions of proteins within subcellular compartments. Subcellular proteomics enables deeper insights into complex biological processes, including signal transduction, metabolic regulation, and protein transport.

• • Proteomic Profiling of FFPE Samples Using NanoLC-MS/MS

  Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples are indispensable biological materials in pathology and translational medicine due to their long-term preservation and wide usage. These samples are commonly used in clinical and research settings to preserve tissue samples for subsequent analysis. However, proteins in FFPE samples become difficult to extract due to crosslinking and chemical modifications, posing challenges for traditional proteomics analysis.

• • FFPE Sample Proteomics for Biomarker Discovery

  Formalin-Fixed, Paraffin-Embedded (FFPE) samples have been widely utilized in biomedical research due to their exceptional long-term stability. These samples are frequently used for histopathological diagnoses and represent an invaluable source of tissue specimens for retrospective research. Despite their utility, FFPE samples pose significant challenges in proteomic studies because of extensive protein cross-linking and denaturation.

• • Label-Free Quantitative Analysis of Plant Proteins

  Proteins are among the most crucial molecules in living organisms, participating in nearly all biological processes. Plant proteins play essential roles in growth, development, environmental adaptation, and disease resistance. To fully understand the dynamic changes and functions of plant proteins, proteomics has become an indispensable tool in biological research.

• • iTRAQ-Based Quantification of Plant Proteomic Changes

  Plant proteomics is the scientific study of the composition, structure, and function of proteins within plants, providing insights into molecular mechanisms under various growth stages, environmental conditions, and stress responses. In recent years, quantitative proteomic analysis has become a crucial tool for studying physiological and metabolic changes in plants, facilitated by the advancement of mass spectrometry (MS) technology.

• • Quantitative Analysis of Serum Proteins Based on LC-MS/MS

  As modern biology and medical research advance, the quantitative analysis of serum proteins has become an essential tool for evaluating physiological and pathological states. LC-MS/MS (liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry) is a highly sensitive, selective, and accurate quantitative method widely used in serum protein analysis. It enables the identification and quantification of low-abundance proteins in serum, providing strong support for biomarker discovery and disease mechanism research.

• • Subcellular Membrane Proteomics Analysis via Nano-LC-MS

  Subcellular membrane proteomics analysis plays a critical role in uncovering the dynamic changes and functional characteristics of proteins located in different membrane regions, organelles, and subcellular structures. These proteins are essential for cellular signaling, material transport, and cell-cell interactions.

• • Workflow of Immunopeptidomics

  Immunopeptidomics is a specialized field within immunology focused on studying peptide molecules involved in antigen presentation by analyzing peptides bound to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. The field seeks to identify pathogen, tumor, or aberrantly expressed peptides presented on the surface of cells, aiding in the design of vaccines, cancer immunotherapies, and the study of autoimmune diseases.